Mexipedium is a monotypic genus endemic to Oaxaca of Mexico. Albert and Chase [50] established this genus, to which the species initially published as Phragmipedium xeropedium was transferred [132]. Similar to the situation in Selenipedium, the genus Mexipedium not only shares characters with Phragmipedium (e.g. valvate sepal aestivation), but also with Paphiopedilum (e.g. unilocular ovary).