Washed wool contains dominantly pure protein, and it is formed by a histological structure whichis made of three main morphological components, namely the cuticle, the cell membrane complex andthe cortex. The cuticle of the wool fiber consists of a thin envelope of flat overlapping ‗cuticle cells‘ arranged like roof tiles surrounding the cortex, which is made up of spindle-shape ‗cortical cells‘ oriented parallel to the fiber axis. The cell membrane complex, sometimes referred to as intercellular cement, performs the function of cementing cortical and cuticle cells together. In Figure 1-1 , a schematic of the morphological wool fiber structure is reported.